MR. KOJO NNAMDIWelcome back. It's Your Turn when you get to set the agenda with anything on your mind, events in the news, recent editions of this broadcast or anything else. You can start calling, 800-433-8850. We got an email from Vanessa who says, "I'm the fifth generation of seven in D.C. I was ten when Pride Incorporated started in my neighborhood Parkside Mayfair Paradise. I was present during Marion Barry's grass root years, wonderful times. If you want some insight in reference to those years, one person who's missing is Rufus Catfish Mayfield who was his partner." That's right, in founding Pride Incorporated. "Talk about a love-hate relationship," says Vanessa.

MR. KOJO NNAMDIWe got an email from someone else who says, I feel that no matter what the grand jury decides in Ferguson, Mo., I think the district attorney is delaying the release of the grand jury findings for one of two reasons. They'll either wait for bad weather to release the findings or will release the minding Wednesday evening just in time for Thanksgiving. They know that either even will deter a number of protestors."

MR. KOJO NNAMDIWhat do you think? Don't forget tomorrow in the 1:00 pm hour we'll be talking with Armenian American author Meline Toumani about her book "There Was and There Was Not." She'll be reading from that book tonight at Cramer Books at DuPont Circle at 6:30 pm.

MR. KOJO NNAMDIEarlier today President Obama announced that Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel is stepping down. Hagel's a Republican. He was brought in to helm a U.S. military exiting Iraq and Afghanistan and to oversee a Pentagon budget shrinking in an era of sequestration.

MR. KOJO NNAMDINow the DOD is once again shifting its focus to respond to the growing threat from the group known as ISIS as it simultaneously helps react to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Attempts to pivot focus to Asia and aims to wind down involvement in Afghanistan, struggles to get a hand on what has become what was once deemed a success in Iraq where ISIS is gaining a foothold. Violence is back with a vengeance.

MR. KOJO NNAMDIHagel's departure after fewer than two years on the job is being framed as a mutual decision between himself and the president arrived at recently as changing demands on the DOD becomes increasingly evident, which the president framed this way earlier today.

PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMANow last month Chuck came to me to discuss the final quarter of my presidency and determined that having guided the department through this transition, it was an appropriate time for him to complete his service. Let me just say that Chuck is and has been a great friend of mine. I've known him, admired him and trusted him for nearly a decade, since I was a green-behind-the-ears freshman senator, and we were both on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMAIf there's one thing I know about Chuck is that he does not make this or any decision lightly. This decision does not come easily to him but I consider myself extraordinary lucky to have had him by my side for two years. And I am grateful that Chuck has agreed to stay on until I nominate a successor. And that successor is confirmed by the Senate, which means that he'll continue to guide our troops at this challenging time.

NNAMDIPresident Obama on the resignation of Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel. The parlor game of guessing his successor has already brought mentions of former Undersecretary Michele Flournoy and Senator Jack Reed. Well, what traits would you like to see in the new Defense Secretary? Who do you think is well positioned to lead the DOD? But more importantly, I guess, where do you think our nation's military priorities should lie at this point, 800-433-8850? It's Your Turn. I'll shut up and leave the talking to you, starting with Libby in Washington, D.C. Libby, your turn.

LIBBYAfternoon, Kojo. Thank you for the previous hour where you had wonderful reminiscences about Marion Barry. I recommend everybody buying the Washington Post today which has about six full pages on Marion Barry, including a comprehensive timeline. And while I was listening to your prior hour, I calculated that he has been, from his first year on the council to his death, in D.C. politics and leadership for 43 years. And he has an amazing legacy.

LIBBYMy comment is, I'm a white, extremely well-educated woman who happens to live in Ward 4 on quote unquote "the long side of the park."

NNAMDIHey, you're living in my ward.

LIBBYHey, most of the people I deal with are from Ward 3 or where my church is in Vienna, Va. and people scattered all over the country. And I remember vividly a former colleague of mine saying, after we re-elected Mayor Barry to a fourth term after his arrest for crack cocaine saying, how can the residents of the District of Columbia be so stupid as to elect this person. And I felt personally offended because I voted for Marion.

LIBBYI think he's had a wonderful legacy in the district. He knew how to work with Eleanor (sp?) in dealing with Congress who wants to treat us as the last plantation on earth and where every Congress person, when they don't want to talk about their own issues, beats up on us and sends very inappropriate views of D.C. to their constituencies all across the country.

LIBBYAnd Marion, one of the things I liked about him was he was -- did not shy away from talking about his own frailties. But as people on your last hour talked, he was not corrupted by money. And he always had our best wishes as citizens and the government of the district, which is not (unintelligible) in his mind. And he will be sorely missed. He was truly an icon.

NNAMDIOkay. Libby, thank you very much for your call. You too can call us. It is Your Turn, 800-433-8850. Too many people, I think, view Marion Barry through one snapshot in time. I think that is the thing that he resented most of all, that his entire career was not taken into account, especially his first two terms as mayor. But thank you. We go on now to Maconan in Lorton, Va. Maconan, you're on the air. Go ahead, please. No, that would be my fault that you're not on the air, Maconan, because I didn't click. Here you go. Maconan.

MACONANYeah, I am here. Yeah.

NNAMDIYour turn.

MACONANYeah, I did appreciate the -- Barry's legacy because he's the one -- he's the only man who (unintelligible) national airport for free. I remember that. And also the allegation of Bill Cosby (unintelligible) to bring -- this happened 30, 40 years ago -- led out to bring this allegation now after he's 80 years old, why...

NNAMDIWell, I suspect that the statute of limitations on some of the earlier alleged offenses may have run out, but I don't know how that would affect any civil proceedings against him. And these incidents were not all 30 or 40 years ago. Apparently they stretched the period from 1969 up to the 2000s. So there are some that were a longer time ago than others but they stretch out over a fairly long period of time that brings some of them into the more recent past. And, as I said, I don't know where the statute of limitations would apply and where it doesn't, but what is your concern? Maconan.

MACONANThank you.

NNAMDIOkay. Thank you very much for your call. We move on then to Roger in Chevy Chase, Md. Roger, it is your turn. Go ahead, please.

ROGERHi there, Kojo. I just wanted to make a comment on the immigration law...

NNAMDISure.

ROGER...and the steps that President Obama is taking. I think it's superb because -- and I actually hope that the Republicans do absolutely nothing so that the people in the United States can galvanize behind a very serious issue and vote all these Republicans out of office.

NNAMDIDo you realize if people do absolutely nothing then they're being paid hundreds of thousands of dollars a year to do absolutely nothing? Well, on second thought, that's the kind of job you'd like, wouldn't it?

ROGERThe amount of vacation that they've already taken in the Congress, particularly the House for the last couple of years, they have done very little. But the point is that it's really about waking up the American people. It will be another 10, 15 years before most of the population in the United States will be non-white. So it's just a matter of time if they don't learn to say we're all one nation, that we'll have to force a change to make it seem as though we're all one nation.

NNAMDIBut don't you think it would be better if the Congress, Republican led in both the House and the Senate when the new term starts next year, would be engaged on this issue and try to roll out some legislation on it rather than having to operate under the executive order?

ROGERThe problem is within the Republican Party itself. The structure of the debate and the structure of the solution is quasi against the fundamental principle that they stand for. You know, they will try to sugarcoat the debate in different aspects. The easiest and simplest thing that they should do is to pass the current law that's been passed by the Senate before the new congress comes in. But if they start doing it -- again, I heard a commentary previously. It says, there's about six to eight months of possibility of doing anything in this new Congress. After that it's the 2016 election and nothing will go on.

ROGERSo if they're not able to get things through in six to eight months -- and there is no way within the internal struggles that they're structured to do that, we're not going to get a -- out of the new Congress. The only possible option, and the way that President Obama structured it is that it forces them to decide, you either accept the bill that's on the table or this will become a major issue to debate during the election of 2016 where it galvanize the Democrats around this main issue of protecting those that President Obama has already protected.

NNAMDIOkay.

ROGEROf protecting those five million people that have been affected by his decree.

NNAMDIOkay. Roger, thank you very much for your call.

ROGERYou're welcome.

NNAMDIOver the weekend, University of Virginia president Theresa Sullivan temporarily suspended all fraternity activity on campus. That was in response to a "Rolling Stone" article which profiled a young woman who alleged that she was gang raped as a freshman at a UVA fraternity party. And in a familiar storyline, she described the indifference of the university administration and even her friends around reporting the issue.

NNAMDIThat story shocked the campus and alumni. It's led to protests. The governor has called for an investigation. In fact, the University of Virginia is one of 86 schools under federal investigation with the Department of Education's Civil Rights Office. But as shocking as it sounds, rape on campus -- even gang rape and its connection to fraternities, is not a new issue. It's been studied for decades. And yet years of awareness campaigns and training sessions seem not to have changed the prevalence of rape on campus.

NNAMDIOne in five women is sexually assaulted in college, while only about 12 percent report it to police. What do you think that the UVA and other universities need to do to address what seems to be an ongoing epidemic of sexual assault on campus? It's your turn. Give us a call, 800-433-8850. You can send email to kojo@wamu.org or go to our website, kojoshow.org, and join the conversation there. I'm Kojo Nnamdi.

NNAMDIWelcome back. It's your turn with an answer to a question that was raised earlier. This from the Daily Beast on Bill Cosby and the statute of limitations. First, it reports, "Contrary to some reports, not all of Cosby's accusers' claims are blocked by the statute of limitations. For example, the conduct alleged by Andrea Constand who sued Cosby in 2005 for assault and battery, and in 2006 for defamation after Cosby's representative said she was just trying to extort money.

NNAMDI"That incident took place in 2004. Pennsylvania -- where the assault is alleged to have taken place -- has a 12 -year statute of limitations on sexual assault. That means Cosby could still be charged." So that it has not run out in all cases. In Ferguson, Mo., residents, activists and scores of media await a grand jury's decision on whether white Police Officer Darren Wilson will be indicted in the August shooting of unarmed black teen Michael Brown.

NNAMDIAt least 9 of the 12 jurors -- they've been meeting to review the case for three months now -- will have to say that it's reasonable to believe Wilson could be found guilty if the case goes to trial. Guilty of what? They have to decide that, too. And charges could range from second degree murder to criminally negligent manslaughter. What do you think? Do you expect Wilson to go to trial? Do you think the racial disparities in policing that this case has brought to the fore will be changed as a result?

NNAMDIYour turn. The lines are busy now so you may want to shoot us an email to kojo@wamu.org. Or try anyway, 800-433-8850. Here is Shelley, in Bethesda, Md. Shelley, you're on the air. Go ahead, please.

SHELLEYYes. On the immigration issue, it's assumed that all the undocumented people are Latino. But what about the Irish and the Eastern Europeans and the Asians and the Africans who are also here illegally. I'm curious as to what percentage of the illegals they make up. And if people assume that people -- all the people who get documents are European and they're being blocked by all these undocumented.

NNAMDISo you're thinking that the argument that the nation is having over what to do with the undocumented -- if I hear you correctly -- is an argument that is based in large measure on the perception of the color, race or ethnicity of the overwhelming majority of undocumented immigrants.

SHELLEYEssentially, yes.

NNAMDIAnd you're saying that if the perception was that they were not all people of color we'd be having a different argument.

SHELLEYI think so.

NNAMDIWhy?

SHELLEYWell, because they're all economic immigrants. And I think that the predominant white majority thinks that they -- the legally abiding ones are European, just like most white people.

NNAMDISo you think this is a discussion that is -- excuse my pun -- colored by race.

SHELLEYYes.

NNAMDIOkay. Thank you very much for your call. On now to Bram, in Fairfax, Va. Bram, you're on the air. Go ahead, please.

BRAMHey, Kojo. How you doing? I just want to say I love the show.

NNAMDIThank you.

BRAMGot to listen to it a lot and I actually just started listening to it again. I remember listening to it with my parents when I was younger. Anyway, I love the whole station. All the programs. And just wanted to comment on a few things. First, the gang rape or raping that goes on at colleges or campuses across the country and across the world for that matter. As you mentioned, it's been going on for quite some time, centuries. I think it's not only -- it's just disgusting, it's horrible, it's unacceptable on any means, any way, shape or form.

BRAMPeople need to report it. I think people should take action if they see it, as well. And then, briefly, on the immigration law. I don't want to beat the -- beat a dead horse here, but it was -- the immigration thing, it was funny how you had two different, you know, opinions from the congressman or the senator from Maryland, Prince George's County. And then the county executive from Prince William County. When really only one county is in between the two, being Fairfax County, really. It's the only -- and Alexandria are in between the two counties, but…

NNAMDITrue.

BRAM…I have a lot of friends from all over. And I don't want to take too much of your time. I have -- my father's from, you know, a different country. He came here 1972, legally. But I think the other caller had a good point. There are a lot of people from all over, not just Latinos or anything. And I'm friends with all types of people. And majority are good law-abiding citizens. But I think it is a broken system.

BRAMAnd I'm not sure if this is the answer because a lot of times I'll read in the Washington Post of someone committing a crime and then -- a pretty bad crime. And then coming back and it happens again. And I don't know. I think there should be a better way. And it's not anything against Latinos or any immigrants. We're all immigrants for that matter. But we should…

NNAMDIYeah, I think -- well, I think that better way is what we're looking for at this point. And the Congress can't seem to agree on what a better way is. The president takes an executive action. He's taking that executive action in the face of a Congress that, when it resumes next year, will be largely in opposition to that executive action. What do you think should happen?

BRAMYes, thank you for your call, Kojo. All right. Thank you for taking my call.

NNAMDIOkay. Bram, thank you very much for sharing your original thoughts with us. Let's go -- it's your turn, by the way. Call us now, we have lines open, 800-433-8850. Here is James in Leesburg, Va. James, you're on the air. Go ahead, please.

JAMESHi, Kojo. Thank you for taking my call. One issue that I wanted to talk about was raised by this gentleman and the lady, you know, who spoke before him, which was the fact that everyone thinks illegal immigrants are from South America, which is completely wrong. Many European…

NNAMDIWell, allow me to say what the Huffington Post reported a year ago. The Huffington Post reported a year ago that the Pew Hispanic Center says that 81 percent of the 11 million undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. were born in Latin America. That's according to the Pew Hispanic Center.

JAMESYes, okay. Well, but then, I mean, I think they're unfairly taking the whole, you know, (unintelligible) illegal immigration. Now, the other thing, too, that I want to talk about…

NNAMDIWell, I thought you were going to remind everybody that Latin America is not a country, but go ahead, please.

JAMESYes. Yeah, is that there's one issue that politicians, which of course includes Obama, which I was really disappointed about -- talking about the fact that it doesn't make sense that you can come from any part of the world, come to the United States, have a baby and the baby automatically becomes a citizen. Look, no one is talking about it, but it is just (unintelligible) you know, rule that has to be changed. The other thing, too, is that…

NNAMDIYou're saying the rule should be changed so that the -- in future the fact that…

JAMESYeah, because…

NNAMDI…the fact that one is born in the United States should not make one a citizen?

JAMESKojo, I can -- I'm a citizen. I can ask -- I can give my sister who is three months pregnant and invitation to come to the United States. She'll be granted six months stay, a B2 Visa in the U.S. She will have a baby. And she's going back to wherever she came from. That baby becomes a citizen. Once that baby becomes 18 or 20, that baby will start filing for his or her mom to become a citizen in the United States. Look, it doesn't make sense.

NNAMDIWhat would make sense?

JAMESIt does not make sense. Well, at least one parent has to be a legal resident. And no one is addressing the things that draw illegal immigrants. A vast majority of the people are -- come here with a sole dream to obtain "the American dream." That is what immigrants (unintelligible).

NNAMDIIf one parent -- if at least one parent has to be a legal resident or an American citizen, where does it stop? Can you say, at some point, that one grandparent would have to be a legal resident or an American citizen?

NNAMDII raise that because of the dilemma that now faces Haitians who live in the Dominican Republic or people who are descended from Haitians who live in the Dominican Republic in which a law was passed that essentially said that if your great-grandparents were not born in the Dominican Republic, then you cannot claim citizenship. If I have that incorrectly, obviously, somebody will call and correct me. But wanted to raise the question of where does it end?

JAMESWell, where does it end is making it (unintelligible) ? Like the president said in his executive order, you have to be here five years.

NNAMDIOkay.

JAMESSome decisions have to be made to fix this issue. Otherwise, 15 years, 20 years from now, another president will come and say, hey, if you've been here for five years -- you know, I have friends who came and were trying to obtain the American dream. They stayed here for six years. They couldn't stay and they decided to leave. Some of them are like, "Oh, darn. Why didn't I stay a little bit longer?" That is what they are saying, you know, like, "Oh, my God. I should have stayed another year."

NNAMDISo you're saying the law needs to be changed so that anyone who is born…

JAMESAbsolutely.

NNAMDI…in the United States should not be considered a citizen. I suspect you'll get an even bigger pushback against that, then we do against current law.

JAMESWell…

NNAMDIBut you'll probably also get a lot of support, too. Don't get me wrong.

JAMESYeah, they have to make tough decisions. That's why we elect them. Right?

NNAMDIOkay. Thank you very much for your call. It is your turn. We move on now to Hannah, in Silver Spring, Md. Hannah, your turn.

HANNAHHi, Kojo. So I'm a student at St. Mary's College, in Maryland. Where you actually recently came and spoke. And I was in the front row and freaking out, of course, because I'm a huge fan.

NNAMDIOh, thank you.

HANNAHBut at -- so, yeah, no problem. At St. Mary's they recently has us do -- my comment is in regards to the sexual misconduct training they had us do.

NNAMDISure.

HANNAHAnd about the campus climate on race and sexual assault. So this training was clearly designed for first years. Clearly designed for anyone coming in who has not had any previous experience with sexual assaults or anything in that -- you would have to deal with in college as a college student. You keep saying statistics that the major rates, like every one in five women will face sexual assault in college and I cannot stress how true that is. So this training was a good idea in, like, in thought, but not in practice.

HANNAHThe training itself was not as well done as it could be, but I have to stress how necessary it was. I think that kind of effort is so necessary for every kind of university. And I know that UVA -- it was UVA that had the issues that you were talking about earlier?

NNAMDIYes.

HANNAHYes. UVA has banned fraternity and sororities until January.

NNAMDICorrect.

HANNAHAnd I hope that makes an impact that will show a message that this is not acceptable.

NNAMDIWe got an email from Eleanor, Hannah. Eleanor writes, "The 'Rolling Stone' article was so graphic and so disturbing, while at the same time being so familiar. President Theresa Sullivan suspending all fraternities took my breath away. I don't know of any other schools doing this. And I applaud her taking the stand. Forcing these institutions to shut down and expose the culture of rape." What do you say, Hannah?

HANNAHI definitely agree. I definitely, definitely agree. It was a big move and I applaud her wholeheartedly for it. I just hope that it makes the longer-lasting impact that she hopes it will in changing attitudes. It's a rape culture that blames the victim. And it's not okay.

NNAMDIThank you very much for your call, Hannah. We move on to Rebecca, in Falls Church, Va. Rebecca, your turn.

REBECCAWow, thank you for having me on the show. I just wanted to say something about the UVA rape scandal.

NNAMDISure.

REBECCAI think one of the things not necessarily only at universities, but for women in general, just need more education about how to not put themselves in those situations where they can become victims. And just being able to talk about it afterwards.

NNAMDIYou're saying that too much of the attention is -- or all of the attention is being directed to educating men and none being directed to educating women?

REBECCANot necessarily that much of a dichotomy, but it just should be addressed that women need to learn these things, as well. As the last caller was saying, it's just sometimes women are -- especially young women, 18-year-olds, 17-year-olds, just going into those kind of situations and not really knowing what to expect.

NNAMDIAnd I think that there are those people who will say that they don't ever want to find themselves in the situation of blaming the victim, but you're, I guess, going to assert that you are not blaming the victim, you just want to make sure the people do not put themselves in a place where they could be potential victims.

REBECCAExactly.

NNAMDIOkay. We'll see what happens with that. Thank you for your call. One more. Ted, in Frederick, Md. Ted, you're on the air. Go ahead, please.

EDGood day. This is actually Ed, E-D.

NNAMDIHi, Ed.

EDMarion Barry. Marion Barry started my awareness of politics.

NNAMDIHow come?

EDWhen I moved here in the '80s. I was listening to the radio and -- as a young 20 something -- I heard him say that D.C. does not have a bad crime problem, if you don't take murder into consideration. And I heard this and I could not believe what came out of the radio, was beyond me, by this, you know. And from that day on, when Marion Barry talked I listened. Everybody else was all freaked out when they, you know, or was -- when the drug scandal came to be and those folks. But I'd been listening for years and found him to be terribly amusing.

NNAMDIWell, there are those who found him to be terribly educational. There are those who found him to be terribly disgusting. There are those who found him to be terribly beloved. In fact, Marion Barry was all of those things. Thank you all for listening. I'm Kojo Nnamdi.